
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE: FAMILY HISTORY
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE: FAMILY HISTORY
HOW WE USED TO LIVE: FAMILY HISTORY
HOW WE USED TO LIVE: THE EAGLE FAMILY
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Home Page
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
HOW WE USED TO LIVE: THE GILDING FAMILY
HOW WE USED TO LIVE - Family History
A Country Year - February Fill-dyke
19th January to 5th February
One month has passed, another has begun,
Since merry bells rung out the dying year,
And buds of rarest green begin to peer,
As if impatient for a warmer sun;
And though the distant hills are bleak and dun,
The virgin snowdrop like a lambent fire,
Pierces the cold earth with its green-streaked spire,
And in dark woods, the wandering little one
May find a primrose. - February by Hartley Coleridge.​
​
Along the lane, in Winter's wane,
The snowdrop quietly flowers.
There near the church the aconite
Cheers up still dreary hours,
And in the hedge the hazel shows
Tassels of gold in Winter's snows.
​​
​So very soon the winter gloom
Will brighten day by day,
From wild and wet, and grey and white,
To hints of green, and sunny sights
Of leaping lambs; a happy thong,
And flitting birds in merry song.
​​
​​But along the lane, in Winter's wane
The snowdrop quietly flowers.
There near the church the aconite
Cheers up still dreary hours,
And in the hedge the hazel shows
Tassels of gold in Winter's snows.
Title: February.​
​
From The Book of the Seasons by William Howitt (1836) - February. I regard this as the most cheerless month in the year. There may be pleasant varieties of it; the latter end may, and frequently is, much more agreeable than the commencement; but, as a whole, it is as I have characterised it. It is at once damp and foggy. Besides the earth being saturated with a whole winter's moisture, there is generally an abundance of rain during this month, so much as to have acquired for it the cognomen of "February fill-dike." The frosts and snows which have been locking up and burying the earth for weeks and months, are now giving way, and what is so cheerless and chilly as a great thaw? There is a lack of comfort felt everywhere.
Various signs of returning spring occur at different times in February. The wood-lark, one of the earliest and sweetest songsters, often begins his note at the very entrance of the month. The thrush now commences his song, and tomtits are seen hanging on the eaves of barns and thatched outhouses, particularly if the weather be snowy and severe. Rooks now revisit their breeding-trees, and arrange the stations of their future nests. The harsh, loud voice of the missel-thrush is now heard; and, if the weather be mild, the hedge-sparrow renews its chirping note. Turkey-cocks now strut and gobble; partridges begin to pair; the house-pigeon has young; field-crickets open their holes; and wood-owls hoot, gnats play about, and insects swarm under sunny hedges; the stone-curlew clamours; frogs croak. The catkins of the hazel become very conspicuous in the hedges.
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A Country Year - February Fill-dyke
19th January to 5th February
Moles go to work in throwing up their hillocks as soon as the earth is softened. Under the largest, a little below the surface of the earth, they make a nest of moss, in which four or five young are found at a time. These animals live on worms, insects, and the roots of plants. They do much mischief in gardens, by loosening and devouring flower-roots; but in the fields they seem to do no other harm than rendering the surface of the ground unequal by their hillocks, which obstruct the scythe in mowing.
A mole-catcher, Miss Mitford has said, "is of the earth, earthy;" but he is of the green fields, of the solitary woodlands. We observe him, especially in the spring and the autumn, a silent and picturesque object, poring under hedges and along the skirts of the forest, or the margin of a stream. We meet him copses and hazel-shaded lanes, cutting springs for his traps; and we not only love him, and look upon him as one of the legitimate objects of rural scenery, but have often found him a quiet but shrewd observer of nature, and capable of enriching us with many fragments of knowledge.
Birds of more northern climates, which have merely sought to escape the wintry rigours of their native regions, are now returning.
​
From the Norwich Mercury W. G. Clarke (1905)
See, green and white the snowdrops peep
Sweet white and green against the brown
And gold, the daffodillies leap
The maiden grass to crown.
Groundsel, chickweed, shepherd's purse, daisy, red dead nettle, annual meadow grass, coltsfoot, vernal whit grass, dog's mercury, and strawberry-leaved cinquefoil may be found in flower in sheltered situations. Flower-buds are seen on the alder and catkins on the hazel. Young leaves shoot up from the centre of the primrose roots, and also begin to burst from the sheaths of the gooseberry and currant bushes.
One of the chief signs of spring is the song of the thrush. Day after day, in the quietude of the early morn, he may be heard singing from the topmost bough of an ash or acacia - trees for which he seems to have a particular preference. For some unfathomed reason blackbirds love the oaks and thrushes the ashes. Hour after hour a thrush will keep the same position, and with rare intervals of silence, pour forth such a flood of melody as makes passers-by rejoice. Early in the month the woodlark may often be heard in districts where it is comparatively common; rooks, partridges and jackdaws begin to pair; geese to lay, and chaffinches, robins and yellow-hammers give us brief snatches of song. Near the coast, black-headed gulls may be observed following the plough; they do not arrive inland until the following month.
February "fill-dyke" does not always justify its name, but as a rule there is a surplus of rain which helps to give the vegetation the necessary start. Snow and frost are sometimes followed by a sudden thaw, and as a result torrents of water descend from the uplands, the streams overflow, marshes are inundated, the "washes" bordering the fen streams covered, while sometimes the chalk and clay banks built to restrain the waters are undermined and a large area flooded, as when the bank of the Great Ouse burst in 1852-3, and the greater part of the south-west Norfolk fens were under water for months. Should frost follow, excellent skating is enjoyed, to the particular delight of the fenmen. ​​​
A Country Year - February Fill-dyke
19th January to 5th February
​​​​When the ground is thawed, the farmer ploughs his fallows, sows beans and peas, rye and wheat, sets early potatoes, drains the land, trims and repairs the hedgerows, fells trees, and plants poplars and willows and such of their allies as flourish in a wet soil. Moles may often be seen throwing up hillocks whenever the soil is sufficiently soft to allow them to work. As a general rule, however, the observer of outdoor life finds February one of the least interesting months of the year. ​​
​​ Exceptions occur when there are "rime-frosts," and also when days are misty. The word "rime" still persists in the Eastern Counties, and describes effects of transcendent loveliness. Occasions, whose rarity perhaps makes them the more appreciated, come when every twig, every grass blade, every fence, and the leaves of all evergreens are covered with a thin coating of ice in beautiful crystals - giving the landscape an appearance of fairy-like beauty, removed in a few minutes when there happens, as is not infrequently the case, to be a sudden change of wind to a warm quarter. Perhaps the sun breaks through the gloom while it is yet freezing, the warmth of his rays being sufficient to melt the hoar frost just on the spots where they fall. Wonderful mist effects are as a rule seen about the hour of sunrise, and are most obvious in a country of alternating river and heath, lowland and upland. In the fen and broad districts it is all mist, on the high and dry tablelands there is little or none, but where river valleys are diversified with plantations and "breaks" the conditions are altogether favourable. After a day of "empty pastures blind with rain" the sun sometimes rises over a bank of retreating black clouds. Its coming is presaged by chattering titmice in the orchards, sparrows preening their feathers or flitting about the hedgerows after the manner of wrens, and by the changing tints of a tiny cloudlet which is gradually transformed to a pool of gold in the grey sky above. On some of the low-lying fields the mist is near the ground; in plantations it may be hovering near the tree-tops in a bar of silvery sheen; or perhaps scattered about in tiny patches wherever there is a depression in the soil. Open spaces in the woodlands are mist-filled, there is none among the trees themselves. As the morning breezes creep through the copses, the mist is wreathed and twirled into all sorts of wonderous shapes. Two or three hours after sunrise the atmosphere is moderately clear, yet filled with a rich luminosity which tones down all sharpness from the landscape. Most of the mammals are hibernating almost to the end of the month, and some of them longer. Almost all the land molluscs are still asleep, and our English reptiles and amphibia in a state of suspended animation. But there is always the thrush, that true-born British minstrel who shares with us the dreary days of winter, never gives up hope, however dark the outlook, and with prophetic vision sees the coming of spring and its many delights when man perceives little but gloominess. ​​
As George Meredith finely wrote: -
He sings me, out of winter's throat,
The young time with the life ahead;
And my young time his leaping note
Recalls to spirit mirth from dead.​
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February fill-dyke, be it black, or be it white.
If February gives much snow, a fine summer it foreshows.
If in February there be no rain, tis not good for hay or grain.​